Which of the following are clinical manifestations of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
Question : Which of the following are clinical manifestations of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? (Select all that apply)
A. Polyuria, polydipsia
B. Kussmaul breathing
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Fruity odor of breath
Answer: ABD
Explanation: Diabetic ketoacidosis is a hyperglycemic emergency. Clinical manifestations include hyperglycemia-related symptoms (polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss), acidosis-related symptoms (Kussmaul breathing, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting), and fruity odor of breath (due to acetone). Hypoglycemia is not a manifestation of DKA; on the contrary, blood glucose is significantly elevated. Hence, the correct answers are ABD.
